A lava bucket is a bucket filled with lava, which is the only way to carry it as an item. It can be used as fuel, smelting 100 items.
Obtaining
For where and how the lava itself is found or generated, see Lava § Obtaining.
Interacting
To fill an empty bucket with lava, it needs to be used on a lava source block or lava in a cauldron. The block is consumed in the process. Flowing lava does not fill a bucket.
Usage
A lava bucket can be used to place down lava sources with the use item button. Doing so gives the player the bucket back. Lava buckets can be used to replace some transparent, non-full blocks such as short grass and water, both flowing and sources.
In Java Edition, lava buckets can be used to break Nether portal blocks by placing the lava on the side of a block next to the portal block.
Fuel
A lava bucket can be used as an efficient fuel. It has the longest burning value of 1000 seconds, compared to 800 seconds for a coal block (a lava bucket smelts 100 items, and a coal block smelts 80). After smelting starts, the lava bucket turns into an empty bucket.
A lava bucket can be used to fill a cauldron with lava. The lava damages any entity standing inside the cauldron, unless the entity is immune to fire damage. Flowing water or waterlogging does not affect the lava in the cauldron.
Buckets of lava can now be used to fuel a furnace for 100 smelts, consuming the lava and the bucket. This is the highest number of smelts of any single item in the game.
Dispensers have now been given the ability to shoot out the liquids inside lava buckets. They can also suck up the liquids if activated again, but do not fill up the buckets with the liquid dropped due to a bug.